Coordinated power management in heterogeneous processors

Coordinated Power Management in Heterogeneous Processors Indrani Paul 164 pages Directed by Dr. Sudhakar Yalamanchili With the end of Dennard scaling, the scaling of device feature size by itself no longer guarantees sustaining the performance improvement predicted by Moore’s Law. As industry moves to increasingly small feature sizes, performance scaling will become dominated by the physics of the computing environment and in particular by the transient behavior of interactions between power delivery, power management and thermal fields. Consequently, performance scaling must be improved by managing interactions between physical properties, which we refer to as processor physics, and system level performance metrics, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the system. The industry shift towards heterogeneous computing is in large part motivated by energy efficiency. While such tightly coupled systems benefit from reduced latency and improved performance, they also give rise to new management challenges due to phenomena such as physical asymmetry in thermal and power signatures between the diverse elements and functional asymmetry in performance. Power-performance tradeoffs in heterogeneous processors are determined by coupled behaviors between major components due to the i) on-die integration, ii) programming model and the iii) processor physics. Towards this end, this thesis demonstrates the needs for coordinated management of functional and physical resources of a heterogeneous system across all major compute and memory elements. It shows that the interactions among performance, power delivery and different types of coupling phenomena are not an artifact of an architecture instance, but is fundamental to the operation of many core and heterogeneous architectures. Managing such coupling effects is a central focus of this dissertation. This awareness has the potential to exert significant influence over the design of future power and performance management algorithms. The high-level contributions of this thesis are i) in-depth examination of characteristics and performance demands of emerging applications using hardware measurements and analysis from state-of-the-art heterogeneous processors and high-performance GPUs, ii) analysis of the effects of processor physics such as power and thermals on system level performance, iii) identification of a key set of run-time metrics that can be used to manage these effects, and iv) development and detailed evaluation of online coordinated power management techniques to optimize system level global metrics in heterogeneous CPU-GPU-memory processors.Ph.D

Tight upper bound of genuine four party Svetlichny type nonlocality with and without local filtering

Identifying the nonlocality of a multiparty quantum state is an important task in quantum mechanics. Seevinck and Svetlichny [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 060401 (2002)], and independently, Collins and co-workers [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 170405 (2002)] have generalized the tripartite notion of Svetlichny nonlocality to n-parties. Here we have developed a tight upper bound for genuine four party Svetlichny type nonlocality. The constraints on the quantum states for the tightness of the bound are also presented. The method enables us to provide necessary and sufficient conditions for violating the four qubit Svetlichny type inequality for several quantum states. The relations between the genuine multipartite entanglement and the maximal quantum value of the Seevinck and Svetlichny operators for pure four qubit states are also discussed. Consequently, we have exhibited genuine four qubit hidden nonlocality under local filtering. Our result provides an effective and operational method for further study of multipartite quantum nonlocality.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, revtex, comments welcome. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:quant-ph/0602143, arXiv:1710.01601 by other author

Comparative study of the effect of atorvastatin and garlic extract in experimentally induced hypercholesterolemia in rabbits

Background: The abundant resource of drugs and its beneficial properties are hidden in our natural and Indigenous sources, which are under constant evaluation by man. Cholesterol lowering ability of ethanol extract of garlic was evaluated in comparison to atorvastatin, the most frequently used lipid lowering agent in rabbits.Methods: Hypercholesterolemia was induced to the animals with cholesterol powder (50mg/kg) for the study duration (16 weeks). At the end of 4 weeks, they were randomly selected and divided into 3 groups (n=6). Group II received Cholesterol + atorvastatin 10 mg daily; Group III received Cholesterol + 0.1g garlic extract kg b. w. daily while Group I continued with cholesterol powder (to serve as control) for the rest study period. Serum cholesterol, LDL, HDL and Triglycerides were estimated using the enzymatic method at 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 weeks in all the groups. The results were tabulated and analyzed statistically using one way ANOVA test. Results: The results indicate that both atorvastatin and garlic extract have a definite role in retarding the rate of weight gain as a consequence to high cholesterol diet in rabbits. Also, there is fewer rises in all the lipid parameters in both the treatment groups when compared to the control group. Conclusion: Though atorvastatin is definitely more effective in reducing the lipid parameters but it also significantly lowers HDL where as Garlic shows promising results when compared to placebo and also has a favourable effect on HDL. Garlic can be recommended as a dietary supplement for long term use without toxic effects for its wide range of medicinal properties in general and therapeutic potential inpatients with CAD in particular

Bioremediation: the eco-friendly solution to the hazardous problem of environmental pollution

Bioremediation is a technique to enhance natural biological processes to rectify polluted groundwater, soil, and even entire habitats. Bioremediation techniques use biological agents to act upon hazardous, toxic materials and subsequently convert them into less toxic substances.Microbes are organisms ubiquitously present in the biosphere. These microorganisms are the main agents that remediate toxic and polluted environmental conditions. Highly polluted areas can be rectified using proper bioremediation procedures and interventions. In this review we have studied the different bioremediation techniques which can be utilized to correct the harmful effects of environmental pollution. In this study we have also emphasized on the benefits of adopting bioremediation as an efficient alternative technique in comparison to the traditional physical and chemical methods to restore the healthy environmental conditions

Stem cell secretome-rich nanoclay hydrogel: a dual action therapy for cardiovascular regeneration†

A nanocomposite hydrogel with photocrosslinkable micro-porous networks and a nanoclay component was successfully prepared to control the release of growth factor-rich stem cell secretome. The proven pro-angiogenic and cardioprotective potential of this new bioactive system provides a valuable therapeutic platform for cardiac tissue repair and regeneration

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF ROOT OF DECALEPSIS HAMILTONII

Powdered root of Decalepsis hamiltonii was used to evaluate the acute & chronic anti-inflammatory activities in rodents. Albino rats of either sex were divided into 4 sets (n=24). Set A, B, C was used for evaluating the anti inflammatory activity after inducing acute inflammation with carrageenan, bradykinin and 5HT respectively while Set D was used for evaluating the anti inflammatory activity after inducing chronic inflammation with formaldehyde. Each set was subdivided into four groups I-IV (n=6). In all the sets, GR I served as control (receiving gum acacia only), GR II received root extract of D. hamiltonii at the dose of 250mg /kg, GR III received Phenylbutazone 50 mg / Kg, and GR IV received Dexamethasone 0.5 mg / Kg. There was inflammatory inhibition of 35.55% in carrageenan induced, 42.62% in 5HT induced and 36.62% in bradykinin induced acute inflammatory models. In the chronic Inflammatory model, a progressive inhibition of 36.84% (3rd day), 36.45% (5th day), 51.45% (7th day) and 66.39% (13th day) was observed with study compound. The efficacy was comparable to the standard drugs. To summarize, we can say that Decalepsis hamiltonii is an anti-inflammatory and anti arthritic agent that may block histamine and serotonin path way. It may be an effective alternative to NSAIDs and corticosteroids in inflammatory disorders. KeyWord:Antiinflammatoryactivities,D.hamiltonii, rodent

Mitigating vulnerability of adolescent girls via innovative usage of digital technologies: insights from a field trial / Chiranjeeb Ghosh… [et al.]

Adolescents and young adults, between the ages of 10 to 24, comprise approximately 30 percent of India's population. These youths, 365 millionstrong, will shape the future of the nation. Although the Government of India has been spending enormous amount of money in a relentless mannerover decades and the current cohorts of youth are healthier and bettereducated than ever before, the fact of the matter is, vulnerabilities stillpersist for adolescent girls (World Bank, 2014). We argue in this paperthat vulnerability of adolescent girls cannot be dealt with by executingverticals programmes in Education, Health, Nutrition and Protection inisolation rather it needs to be handled by running these programmes in a converged manner. The comprehensive reports and analysis of data across these domains would provide a 360-degree view of individual girls,predicting their potential vulnerability well ahead of time, thereby enabling the stakeholders to intervene and prevent untoward incidents like childmarriage, child labour, child pregnancy, and trafficking among others.Furthermore, insights generated from analysing the data from the field can be used to identify the areas of improvement for the programme as applicable to decision makers at different levels of societal structure starting withvillages to blocks to districts. This paper describes a digital solution called G-Power that comprehensively addresses the above challenges, and shares insights from afield trial carried out in two districts of West Bengal in India

Efficient Generalized Least Squares Method for Mixed Population and Family‐based Samples in Genome‐wide Association Studies

Genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) that draw samples from multiple studies with a mixture of relationship structures are becoming more common. Analytical methods exist for using mixed‐sample data, but few methods have been proposed for the analysis of genotype‐by‐environment (G×E) interactions. Using GWAS data from a study of sarcoidosis susceptibility genes in related and unrelated African Americans, we explored the current analytic options for genotype association testing in studies using both unrelated and family‐based designs. We propose a novel method—generalized least squares (GLX)—to estimate both SNP and G×E interaction effects for categorical environmental covariates and compared this method to generalized estimating equations (GEE), logistic regression, the Cochran–Armitage trend test, and the W QLS and M QLS methods. We used simulation to demonstrate that the GLX method reduces type I error under a variety of pedigree structures. We also demonstrate its superior power to detect SNP effects while offering computational advantages and comparable power to detect G×E interactions versus GEE. Using this method, we found two novel SNPs that demonstrate a significant genome‐wide interaction with insecticide exposure—rs10499003 and rs7745248, located in the intronic and 3' UTR regions of the FUT9 gene on chromosome 6q16.1.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/107571/1/gepi21811.pd